Full Moon ♌️
And just like that, February arrives! With longer sunrises and sunsets, the trees are budding and the catkins are now becoming “fluffy”, the snow drops are still abundant and the daffodil stalks are growing: spring is coming!
sol-mōnaþ “Soll-Monath”, according to Gale R. Owen in her book ‘Rites and Religions of the Anglo-Saxons’ takes its name from Bede’s account of it being called “Cake Month”. Owen then goes on to explain that there is evidence in Scandinavia of cakes being made in the form of the gods, or at least animals sacred to them:
“It is quite possible that the pagan Anglo-Saxons baked birds, boars or horses in honour of their gods….”
I’m going to hypothesise that if this was the case, then either it’s because people saw this time of year as a time of the world waking up, what with shoots growing and the frost melting- that this could be a way of encouraging that thaw to happen quicker by baking cakes in the shape of their gods to appease them…..
Or, it was a way of keeping people fed, especially if the winter food stocks were dwindling and making cake was a way of using what was left.
Either way, it reminds me of an ancient culinary tradition here in the United Kingdom that still continues to this day…. Pancake Day.
It doesn’t involve making cakes in the shape of animals or the gods, but it was recorded as early as the 1400’s and takes place on Shrove Tuesday. This in turn takes its name from “Shrive” or “Shriven” practiced by the Anglo-Saxon Christians as an act of absolving themselves of sin via confession. Shrove Tuesday takes place 47 days before Easter and marks the beginning of Lent, normally observed by fasting. It’s thought that Pancake Day came from using up the ingredients of eggs, milk and flour so they don’t go off during Lent, this being a way of not only using the ingredients up but to provide a last meal as people took up their fast.
Shrove Tuesday and Pancake Day usually fall at some point in February or March, this year it takes place on Tuesday 21st February. Nowadays it’s more of a treat than an act of ritual starvation, traditionally flavoured with sugar and lemon juice, although people often use jam, Nutella, bananas, ice cream…. the possibilities are endless!
Pancakes aren’t just used with sweets, when growing up, my parents would have them savoury with hash (stew) or even curry or chilli on them, then have more pancakes with sweet stuff on. According to my wife, this sounds like a perverse act…. Like most of my “Northern ways”.
One thing that Solmonath does remind me of is the ritual marking of Imbolc with a Druidic cake…. Allow me to explain:
Imbolc is the Irish quarter day that marks the beginning of spring and ending of winter. Taking place on the 1st February, it honours St Brigid with links to the goddess of the same name and was celebrated in Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Hebrides. As for the Modern Pagan version, it normally falls on either the 1st or 2nd of February and is marked by Modern Pagans and Modern Druids. Back when the Druid Grove of the Corieltauvi were able to meet up for seasonal ceremonies, one of the Druids, Simon (RIP, brother) not only honoured his Anglo-Saxon ancestors (a trail I currently find myself on), but at every Imbolc he would always bring a cake he personally baked. This wasn’t for us to eat, he made this to feed the birds. He would offer it to the gods on our altar, invite us to break it up and scatter it to the ground so the birds can find it. Back then I just took it as his own personal thing and that it was a wonderful offering. Now, I see what he was doing: honouring Solmonath, his ancestors and the gods by giving his cake not in the shape of birds, but to the birds, it was his way of giving back.
Returning to our either/or in regards to why the cakes were made in the first place, perhaps both my earlier hypotheses were wrong, perhaps the cakes weren’t made to appease the gods and if they weren’t used to feed people…. Perhaps they were meant to be left and given to the creatures of the wild.
I have no idea if Pancake Day came from Solmonath, but I do rather like the possibility that the making of cakes at one of the leanest times of the year is something that is intrinsic to the British culture and despite its origins, might not be a custom linked, but a custom shared from one age to another.
Whatever this month means for you, your country and your ancestors, I wish you a bright and nourishing spring dawning.
Locksley /|\